250 2.0.0 hAUMOh6c005386 Message accepted for delivery.354 Enter mail, end with "." on a line by itself.Login to SMTP (port 25) is unauthenticated, so anyone can log in and send mail.A forged email can be detected by close inspection of its headers.Email spoofing is also used by spammers to make it more difficult to track them.Email spoofing is a form of social engineering.To force a verification, email can be cryptographically signed.An email’s true origin can be further obfuscated by forging extra “Received:” lines.Email spoofing is effective because most people don’t have time to double check their headers all the time.DNS Spoofing ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.WebMITM ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Collection of tools for network auditing and penetration testing.In our lab, use tool dsniff to accomplish ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Causes name resolution to result in an.Attacker injects spoofed traffic with a source IP address of Alice Alice telnet Alice Bob network “Hi, I am Alice” Attacker ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Attacker monitors packets between Alice and Bob.Session hijacking attacks: based on sniffing and IP spoofing.Three-way handshake ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Host 1 Host 2 SYN (SEQ=x) SYN (SEQ=y, ACK=x+1) (SEQ=x+1, ACK=y+1) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) (4) FIN - Finish ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Reliability Checksum (not tamperproof) ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Source port Destination port Sequence number Acknowledgement number TCP HL URG ACK PSH RST SYN FIN Window size Checksum Urgent pointer Options (0 or more 32-bit words) Data (Optional) Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) To take over a TCP stream, sequence and acknowledgement numbers must be sniffed or predicted.Attacks made possible by IP spoofing include.Attacker must be able to predict replies ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Reply traffic cannot be seen by attacker.Attacker and target on different subnets.IP spoofing: change or disguise source address ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Source address, destination address: network number and host number.IP provides a best-effort way to route datagrams from source to destination.Version IHL Type of Service Total length Identification DF DF MF Fragment offset Time to live Protocol Header checksum Source address Destination address Options (0 or more words) Internet Protocol (IP) TCP Session Hijacking ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).Making a Switch into a Hub ECE 4112 - Internetwork SecurityĪrpspoof Example ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Hosts maintain a cache to avoid frequent requests ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Broadcast message looking for the IP address.
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Modifying Windows XP Network Interface (continued) ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security
Modifying Windows XP Network Interface ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security Linkcat (tool – netcat for link layer) ECE 4112 - Internetwork Security.Creating Link Layer Packets (Spoofing).
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